Everything about King Muryeong Of Baekje totally explained
Muryeong of Baekje (
462–
523, r.
501–523) was the 25th king of
Baekje, one of the
Three Kingdoms of Korea. During his reign, Baekje remained allied with
Silla against
Goguryeo, and expanded its relationships with
China and
Japan.
Background
The
Tomb of King Muryeong calls him King Sama (斯麻), and records his birth year as 462.
The
Samguk Sagi calls him King Muryeong, with the personal name (휘) of Sama (斯摩). He is described as the second son of the 24th king
Dongseong. He became king when Dongseong was assassinated by the court official Baekga. The following year, he crushed a planned rebellion by Baekga.
Other records
China's
Liang shu gives his surname as Yeo and personal name as Yung, and states that he restored Baekje into a strong nation.
Japan's
Nihonshoki gives his birth year as 461, and describes him as the son of
Gonji, the younger brother of the 21st king
Gaero, making him the step-brother of Dongseong. It is said Gonji escaped the invading Goguryeo forces with King Muryeong's mother to Japan, and she went into labor as their ship was passing by a small Japanese island. He was called Semakishi (嶋君) and King Shima (斯麻王) in Japanese records because he was born in an island.
Reign
In 501, he sent an army to attack Goguryeo's Sugok-seong. In 503, he repelled an attack by the
Mohe. In 507, he successfully countered another attack by Goguryeo and Mohe forces. In 512, Goguryeo conquered two castles, but Muryeong personally led 3,000 men to destroy the Goguryeo army. In 523, he ordered the building of a fortified wall to defend the northern border.
According to both historical and archeological sources, contact and trade between China and Baekje increased during Muryeong's reign. In
512, according to the
Liang shu, Muryeong sent Baekje's first mission to the newly-established court of the
Chinese Liang Dynasty. A second mission was sent in
521, announcing various victories over
Goguryeo. In reply, the Liang emperor bestowed various titles on him, including "Great General Tranquilizing the East" and "King of Baekje". These titles were also found engraved on a tablet in King Muryeong's tomb.
In 503, he sent a bronze mirror, and in 513 and 516, Confucian scholars to Japan.
Legacy
In 1971, the
Muryeong's tomb was excavated in
Songsan-ri,
Gongju,
South Korea, where he was buried with his queen.
In 2001, Japan's emperor
Akihito told reporters "I, on my part, feel a certain kinship with Korea, given the fact that it's recorded in the
Chronicles of Japan that the mother of Emperor Kammu was of the line of King Muryong of Paekche." It was the first time that a Japanese emperor publicly acknowledged the Korean blood in the imperial line.
(External Link
) According to the
Shoku Nihongi (續日本紀),
Emperor Kammu's (桓武天皇, 737–806) mother,
Takano no Niigasa (高野新笠) is a descendant of prince
Junda (淳陀太子), son of Muryeong, who died in Japan in 513 (
Nihon Shoki Chapter 17).
Further Information
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